If your child has a speech disorder, you’ll probably need help from a professional. Children with language delay might use very few words for their age or not understand what you say. Children with speech disorders can understand words and sentences well and form phrases and sentences correctly. Speech disorders are different from language delay. But most children have no specific reason for their speech disorder. Others have trouble because of deafness or hearing loss. Some speech disorders happen when a child has a physical problem like a cleft palate, which makes it hard for the child to create the sounds of speech. They might also have trouble saying longer words like ‘hippopotamus’. The child might make some errors in the ‘th’ sound in words like ‘this’ or ‘that’. When a child is 6-7 years old, an unfamiliar person should understand almost everything the child says. The child will probably still say some sounds and words differently from adults. When a child is 4-5 years old, an unfamiliar person should understand the child about three-quarters of the time. When a child is 2½ years old, an unfamiliar person should understand about half of what the child is saying. If you’re concerned that your child might have a speech disorder, think about how often people who don’t know your child have trouble understanding what your child says. But by about 3 years, most children can be understood by their main caregivers, siblings and peers. Most children make mistakes in their speech during the first few years of speech development.
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